Companions, family, scholars, opponents, prophets preceding the Prophet ﷺ.
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Arabia, al-Ḥijāz, Madīnah, Makkah, battlefields, and the sacred geography of the Prophetic mission.
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Ghazawāt, Sarāyā, treaties, the Hijrah, the conquest of Makkah.
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Īmān, Tawḥīd, Amānah, Jihād, Akhlāq al-Nabī — the theological landscape.
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ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān, Muṣṭalaḥ al-Ḥadīth, Isnād, Tafsīr, Qirāʾāt.
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Canonical and modern reference works cited throughout the encyclopedia.
Browse all Books & References →Every entry is densely cross-linked to companions, events, and concepts. A glimpse of the network:
The Sariyyah of Ṭarf, also referred to in some sources as the Sariyyah of Ṭurq, was a military expedition dispatched by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ during the Madinan period in response...
The expedition of Usāmah ibn Zayd, often called Jaysh Usāma, “the army of Usāmah,” was a military force which the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ commissioned in the last days of his life, in t...
The Sariyyah of Wādī al-Qurā was a military expedition undertaken by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ during the later Madinan period in the region of Wādī al-Qurā, a fertile valley situated...
Several military expeditions during the Madinan period were led by Zayd ibn Ḥārithah (RA), one of the closest Companions of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and his freedman and adopted son...
The Sariyyah of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Jaḥsh was one of the earliest military expeditions organized by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ after the Hijrah to Madīnah. It took place in Rajab 2 AH / Jan...
The Sariyyah of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Rawāḥah (RA) was among the expeditions dispatched by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ during the Medinan period to monitor hostile movements and maintain the s...
The Sariyyah of ʿAbd Allāh ibn Unays (RA) was a covert expedition commissioned by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ during the Medinan period to counter a developing threat against the Muslim...
The Sariyyah of ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib refers to several military expeditions led by ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib during the lifetime of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ. Among the most prominent was the...
The Sariyyah of ʿAlqamah ibn Majzaz al-Mudlijī was a military expedition dispatched by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ during the later Madinan period, generally dated to 9 AH / 630 CE. The...
The Sariyyah of ʿUbayd ibn al-Ḥārith was among the earliest military expeditions dispatched by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ after the Hijrah to Madīnah. The expedition took place in 1 AH...
The Sariyyah of the ʿUrayniyyīn refers to the expedition undertaken in response to the actions of a group from the tribes of ʿUraynah and ʿUkl during the Madinan period. According...
Saudah bint Zamʿah ibn Qays (RA) was one of the wives of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and among the earliest women to embrace Islam in Makkah. She belonged to the Quraysh tribe through t...
Ṣawm (fasting) is one of the central acts of worship in Islam and constitutes the fourth pillar of the religion. Linguistically, the Arabic term ṣawm denotes abstention or restrain...
A sayyid (pl. sāda or asyād) is traditionally understood as a descendant of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ through his daughter Fāṭima and her husband ʻAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib. While the term or...
Saʿd ibn Abī Waqqāṣ (RA) was one of the foremost Companions of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ, among the earliest converts to Islam, and one of the ten Companions promised Paradise (al-ʿAshara...
Saʿd ibn Muʿādh (RA) was one of the most prominent Companions of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and a leading chief of the Aws tribe in Madinah. Before embracing Islam, he held a position of g...
Saʿd ibn ʿUbādah (RA) was one of the leading Companions of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and a prominent chief of the Khazraj tribe in Madinah. He belonged to the Banū Sāʿidah clan and was wi...
Saʿīd Ḥawwā (1935–1989) was a prominent Syrian Islamic scholar, author, educator, and one of the leading intellectual figures associated with the modern Islamic revival movement. B...
Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab ibn Ḥazn al-Makhzūmī (ca. 15–94/636–713) was one of the foremost scholars of the generation of the tābiʿūn and a leading authority in ḥadīth, jurisprudence, a...
Saʿīd ibn Zayd (RA) was one of the eminent companions of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and among the al-ʿAsharah al-Mubashsharah (the ten Companions promised Paradise). He belonged to the Ban...
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