Companions, family, scholars, opponents, prophets preceding the Prophet ﷺ.
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Arabia, al-Ḥijāz, Madīnah, Makkah, battlefields, and the sacred geography of the Prophetic mission.
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Ghazawāt, Sarāyā, treaties, the Hijrah, the conquest of Makkah.
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Īmān, Tawḥīd, Amānah, Jihād, Akhlāq al-Nabī — the theological landscape.
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ʿUlūm al-Qurʾān, Muṣṭalaḥ al-Ḥadīth, Isnād, Tafsīr, Qirāʾāt.
Browse all Sciences of Qurʾān & Ḥadīth →
Canonical and modern reference works cited throughout the encyclopedia.
Browse all Books & References →Every entry is densely cross-linked to companions, events, and concepts. A glimpse of the network:
Muʿādh ibn Jabal was one of the most distinguished Companions (ṣaḥābah) of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ, renowned for his deep knowledge of Islamic law, expertise in Qurʾānic teachings, and...
Muʿāhadāt al-Nabī refers to the treaties, covenants, and diplomatic agreements concluded by Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ with various tribes, religious communities, and political entities du...
The miracles (muʿjizāt) of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ occupy an important place in sīrah literature and Islamic theology. They are regarded as extraordinary signs granted by Allah to affir...
Nāfiʿ Mawlā Ibn ʿUmar (d. 117/735), commonly known simply as Nāfiʿ, was one of the most distinguished scholars of the generation of the Tābiʿūn and among the most reliable transmit...
Najd is the vast central plateau of the Arabian Peninsula, occupying much of the interior region between the Ḥijāz in the west and the eastern coastal areas of al-Aḥsāʾ and the Ara...
The nasab of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ, his lineage and descent, occupies a place of particular importance in the sīrah and in the early Arabic literature of genealogy (ʻilm al-ansāb)...
Naʿīm Ṣiddīqī (1332–1421/1914–2001) was a prominent Pakistani Islamic scholar, journalist, historian, and literary figure associated with the modern Islamic revivalist movement. A...
Naʿt al-Nabī ﷺ refers to devotional poetry and prose composed in praise of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ. The word naʿt in Arabic literally denotes description, praise, or eulogy, and in...
Nifāq refers to hypocrisy or the outward profession of faith while inwardly concealing disbelief, hostility, or insincerity. In Islamic terminology, a person guilty of such behavio...
The Prophet ﷺ also emphasized the obligation to provide animals with food, water, and proper care. In a famous narration recorded in Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī, he described a woman punished...
Nubuwwah or prophethood, refers to the divine institution through which Allah appoints chosen individuals to convey His guidance, revelation, and commandments to humanity. In Islam...
Noah, known in Arabic as Nūḥ, is regarded in Islam as one of the earliest and greatest prophets sent by Allah to guide humanity after the spread of idolatry and corruption among th...
Nusaybah bint Kaʿb al-Māziniyyah (RA), also known as Umm ʿUmārah, was a distinguished female companion of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ renowned for her courage, loyalty, and active parti...
Patricia Crone (1945–2015) was a Danish-born historian of early Islam and one of the most influential and controversial scholars in the field of Islamic studies during the late twe...
Qāsim ibn Muḥammad ﷺ was the first son of the Prophet Muhammad and Khadijah bint Khuwaylid. He was born in Makkah before the beginning of revelation and was among the earliest chil...
The Qurʾān refers to the sacredness of the region in connection with the Night Journey (Isrāʾ) of the Prophet Muhammad: “Glory be to Him who took His servant by night from al-Masji...
Qiṣāṣ, “retaliation,” is the principle in Islamic law by which the perpetrator of an intentional homicide or wounding is subjected to a like penalty—life for life, and wound for wo...
Qiyām al-Layl (Arabic: qiyām al-layl, “standing during the night”) refers to voluntary night worship performed after the evening prayer and before dawn. In Islamic devotional pract...
Qubāʾ is a settlement located on the southern outskirts of Madīnah and occupies a distinguished place in the sīrah as the first destination reached by the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ during...
The Quraysh were the dominant tribe of Makkah in the centuries immediately preceding Islam and occupied a central position in the political, economic, and religious life of western...
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