Companions, family, scholars, opponents, prophets preceding the Prophet ﷺ.
See all 476 entries below →Jabal al-Rumāh, the “Mount of the Archers,” is a small hill at the southern edge of the battlefield of Uḥud, to the north of Madinah, famous in the sīra as the position upon which...
Jabal Uḥud is a large mountain rising to the north of Mad┘nah, the most prominent natural landmark of the city and the site of the second great battle of the Prophet Muḥammad’s ﷺ c...
Jābir ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAmr al-Anṣārī (d. ca. 78/697) was one of the most prominent companions of the Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and among the leading transmitters of ḥadīth. A member of...
Jahannam, “the Fire,” commonly called al-Nār (Hell), is the abode of punishment prepared in the Hereafter for the unbelievers and the wicked, the opposite and the counterpart of th...
Jalāl al-Dīn al-Suyūṭī (849–911 AH/1445–1505 CE) was one of the most prolific and influential Muslim scholars of the late medieval Islamic period. A distinguished authority in Qurʾ...
Jamāl al-Dīn Muḥammad Badawī was a distinguished contemporary Muslim scholar, educator, and public intellectual born in 1938 in Egypt. He later migrated to Canada, where he became...
Jannat al-Baqīʿ—often called simply al-Baqīʿ or Baqīʿ al-Gharqad, after the boxthorn (gharqad) that once grew there—is the principal cemetery of al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah, lying imm...
Jazīrat al-ʿArab (Arabia) is the vast peninsula of southwestern Asia bounded by the Red Sea, the Arabian Gulf, the Gulf of Oman, and the Arabian Sea. As the homeland of the Arab pe...
Jibrīl, known in English as Angel Gabriel, occupies a central position in Islamic belief and sīrah literature as the chief angel responsible for conveying divine revelation to the...
Jihād (literally means “striving” or “struggling” in the path of Allah. In the Sharī‘ah, it refers to exerting one’s utmost effort to uphold faith, justice, righteousness, and the...
John Edward Wansbrough (1928–2002) was an American-born historian and scholar of Islamic origins whose work profoundly influenced the modern academic study of early Islam, Qurʾānic...
John Marsden Beaumont Jones (1920–1992), commonly known as J. M. B. (Marsden) Jones, was a British Arabist and historian whose scholarship made a lasting contribution to the study...
Josef Horovitz (1874–1931) was a German Orientalist and one of the most influential early twentieth-century scholars of Islam, Arabic literature, and the life of the Prophet Muḥamm...
Joseph Schacht was a British-German scholar of Islamic law and one of the most influential figures in twentieth-century Islamic studies. Born in Ratibor, Upper Silesia (now Racibór...
Julius Wellhausen was a German Orientalist, historian, and biblical scholar whose work exercised a profound influence on the modern academic study of early Islam and sīrah. Althoug...
Juwayriyyah bint al-Ḥārith was one of the wives of Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ and a respected member of the Banū al-Muṣṭaliq tribe. Born around 610 CE, she was the daughter of al-Ḥārith ib...
G. H. A. Juynboll (Gautier Hendrik Albert Juynboll, 1935–2010) was a Dutch scholar of Islam and one of the most influential Western specialists in ḥadīth studies during the late tw...
